Hard Water Treatment System

Dahlan , Jalil (2007) Hard Water Treatment System. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The quality of the water depends on where the source it is obtained. The water that comes from areas that have high mineral contents is normally hard water. Hard water is water that has high mineral contents. These contents usually consist of high level of metal ions such as calcium and magnesium in the form of carbonates which also include several other metals as well like bicarbonates and suffates. While it is not dangerous to use, it does generally cause potentially costly nuisance problem in the home and industries. Some hard water contents are also effective corrosion inhibitors and can prevent damage to pipes or contamination by potentially toxic corrosion products. Hard water can cause lime-scale deposits in kettles, washing machines and water pipes. The project is to srudy and design a cheap and safe softner circuit working on electromagnetics principles and applications.

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