A Study On Hardness Of Porcelain Body Sintered At Various Temperatures

Siti Hajar , Abd Rahman (2008) A Study On Hardness Of Porcelain Body Sintered At Various Temperatures. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

This project is carried out to study the hardness of porcelain body sintered at temperature range between 12300C to 13500C. Beside hardness and density, the microstructure of the porcelain body is also observed. Starting material used is commercial porcelain powder that is prepared trough spray drying process. Commercial porcelain contains feldspar, kaolin and quartz and binders such as bentonite clay. Characterization of starting material is done using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).Powder characterization is also important to determine the particle size of porcelain powder. The powder is then compacted and sintered at 12300C to 13500C temperature range. Hardness test, density measurement and microstructure observation is carried out to determine the effect of various sintering temperature. Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis is done to determine the chemical and phase composition of porcelain body. Results indicate that the optimum sintering temperature is at 12500C where maximum hardness and dens ity are achieved at this temperature. The hardness value at this sintering temperature is HV707.36, density 2.46lglcm3 and linear shrinkage of 9.36%. The microstructural analysis revealed that the ideal firing temperature occurs when the glassy phase covers mostly the entire sample surface with minimum pores appearance. X-ray diffractograms of samples fired in the optimum firing temperature show that the samples are composed by quartz, mullite and glassy phase. It is found out that this commercial porcelain body from spray dried porcelain powder produced by this particular manufacturer posses the optimum hardness, density and microstructure at even lower temperature compared to the other traditional porcelain's.

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