Development of wearable leather graphene antenna for advanced communication applications

Abdul Aziz, Nur Qistina Nabila (2025) Development of wearable leather graphene antenna for advanced communication applications. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

This study presents the development of a wearable leather graphene antenna aimed at advanced communication applications. With the rising demand for sustainable energy solutions, there is a growing interest in harvesting ambient electromagnetic energy using antennas. This research tackles the challenge of designing a high-performance antenna optimized for a specific frequency spectrum, targeting enhancements in self-sustaining wireless sensor networks and low-power electronic devices. The research employed a thorough design and analysis methodology, utilizing CST Microwave Studio for antenna design. This electromagnetic simulation tool enabled the optimization of antenna geometry to achieve the desired bandwidth and high efficiency. Following the simulation, various antenna designs were fabricated and subjected to empirical testing. Key performance parameters, including return loss and efficiency, were rigorously measured. The optimized antenna design demonstrated a return loss below -10 dB across the frequency range of 7 GHz to 8 GHz, confirming its effectiveness in targeted communication applications. This significant development contributes to the energy harvesting field by introducing a viable antenna design capable of operating within a specified frequency range. The successful implementation underscores the potential for practical applications in remote sensing, medical implants, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Future research should focus on further enhancing the antenna's performance and exploring scalable manufacturing techniques to facilitate widespread adoption.

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