Effect of surrounding temperature to tensile strength of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers structures

Balu, Kaartik (2023) Effect of surrounding temperature to tensile strength of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers structures. Project Report. Melaka, Malaysia, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Electrospinning is a very simple and quick way to produce fibers with nanoscale in diameter from various types of polymers. These nanofibers contains several important characteristics such as superior mechanical properties, volume ratio and high porosity. Application of nanofibers in industry a such as textile, paper industry, air filter industry and food packaging. In this study, tensile strength test were applied on nanofibers in order to identify the strength of nanofibers in air filter. 5 samples were used containing same concentration of 10wt%, distance of 15cm from tip to collector, voltage of 15kV and feed rate of 1.5m L/h. Meanwhile 5 different temperature 32 ºC, 34 ºC, 36 ºC, 38 ºC and 40 ºC is used. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been used with distilled water as solvent. Electrospinnig samples size of 60mm by 10 mm were used to study the tensile strength using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Maximum force, maximum stress, maximum stroke, maximum stroke strain, maximum displacement, maximum strain and maximum time for the sample to fracture was obtained. UTM results shows that the sample for 38 ºC has the highest reading of all. It recorded 0.88908 N for maximum force and stress. 24.3775mm for maximum stroke and maximum displacement. Maximum strain recorded 40.6292%. The time taken to fracture was 731 seconds. These reading are directly influenced by the temperature that operated during electrospinning process. During that process it is recorded that the humidity level was 48%. This means that the air is holding 48% water in it. The relation between temperature and humidity formula are inversely proportional. That means if the temperature increases it will lead to decrease in humidity. So, at 38ºC the air is relatively drier compare to lower temperature. At this temperature the formation of nanofibers were good enough to be able to withstand higher force, stress, stroke, displacement and strain during tensile testing. This is because there were enough time for the nanofibers to travel form the tip to the flat plate collector before it evaporates and dried up. This will strengthen up the each of the fibers during electrospinning. The nanofibers also took relatively the longest time compared to other sample which indicates that the bond between the fibers are strong which makes them harder to fracture. This shows that to create stroger nanofibers, the best temperature for electrospinning is 38ºC.

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