Analysis of chemicals elements on treated waste cooking oil for the organic crayons

Mohd Adnin, Muhammad Iqmal (2023) Analysis of chemicals elements on treated waste cooking oil for the organic crayons. Project Report. Melaka, Malaysia, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Crayons are one of the items reserved for use by children, and they are so widely used because crayons are one of the necessities of children nowadays. Today's crayons are different from what they used to be because crayons have also evolved. In the past, crayons were only made of paraffin wax and contained substances that were harmful to the human body. Now, the manufacture of crayons uses waxes that are more natural, and they are called organic crayons. However, the cost required to make crayons from these natural waxes is still considered high. As such, crayon makers began to develop their technology. This is where the idea of mixing treated cooking oil waste as an additive to reduce the cost of making crayons came from. The waste cooking oil undergo transesterification process by mixing the filtered waste cooking oil with ethanol and heating it between 60°C and 70°C for two hours. After the transesterification process is completed, a titration process was conducted to determine the oil’s fatty acid value before it can be tested for chemical elements using rotating disc electrode spectrometer. There are four ratios mixture of waste cooking oil and ethanol such as 9:1, 12:1, 15:1,and 18:1. The best ratio for treated waste cooking oil was determine by calculating acid value. From the result, ratio 15:1 was selected as this ratio has the lowest the acid number of 2.08 . All ratios undergo the chemical elements testing to identify any potential harmful chemical. This is crucial because, the treated waste cooking oil will be added to waxes mixture to produce the organic crayons. Overall, it was proven that the treated waste cooking oil is safe to make crayons for children.

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