Research and development of acoustical panel made from kenaf core

Hamzah, Nur Sima Syazwani (2020) Research and development of acoustical panel made from kenaf core. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Natural fibers such as kenaf core have the high potential to replace synthetic fibers because they offer high absoprtion properties, eco-friendly, low cost and low density. Therefore, the development of natural fibers has increased the interest of researchers and many fields of the manufacturers such as aircraft and automotive have been used as reinforcement to fabricate a high strength property of composite materials. In addition, there are many researchers focusing on the natural fibers based composite in the form of laminate, but there is no specific study on the kenaf core in acoustical applications. In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted to explore the kenaf core with different size to develop acoustical panel. There are three (3) size of kenaf core has been used in this research which is 3 mm (A), 20 mesh (B) and 40 mesh (C). Kenaf core was used as reinforcement, polyurethane (PU) and natural rubber latex (NRL) as a matrix. The raw materials were mixed with the composition of matrix which is kenaf core filled with PU and kenaf core filled with NRL. The method used to develop acoustic panel is cold press machine. The laminated technique was used to develop the acoustic panel to propose the best layup sequence of kenaf core acoustic panel layout for optimum properties. The acoustic panel testing was conducted by using impedance tube testing. This types of acoustic panel typically deals with the low, medium and high frequency range. Furthermore, all the fabrications and testing method are based on ASTM El 050-09 standard. Next, the morphological characteristic is identified by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). At the end, due to their cost effectiveness, good performance and eco-biodegradable composite, kenaf has high potential to develop through this research. The use of natural fibres can reduce the cost of material compared synthetic fibre. For suggestion, the sound insulation materials must be placed on the wall to allow the sound vibration passed through the wall. The addition of art on the acoustic panel can be discretely integrated and simple to install as painting hanging up. The findings of this study suggest that kenaf core filled with NRL samples for AAB layup with coefficient of 0.90 at 1000 Hz has a good airflow resistivity and porosity for the application in the low frequency. It is very interesting to find out that natural fibres from kenaf plants are capable of absorbing sound at low frequency range. For medium frequency application, ABB layup with 0.88 at 1000 Hz. The layup sequence for high frequency range are ACC with coefficient of 0.96 at 3150 Hz is the most suitable layout that can be utilized as an acoustic panel at high frequency because it reveals high absorption coefficient compared to the other kenaf core filled with PU samples. This kenaf core reinforced natural rubber latex is promising light-weight materials used and naturally biodegradable for acoustical panel.

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