Optimization of bio active porous poly (lactic acid) scaffold for biomedical materials

Phang, Advin Kok Seng (2017) Optimization of bio active porous poly (lactic acid) scaffold for biomedical materials. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Porous scaffold comprising of poly (lactic acid) PLA and bioactive filler calcium phosphate are fabricated by the combination of solvent casting, hot compression moulding and salt leaching process. The optimization of the porogen loadings is determined based on the pore morphology, pore size, porosity as well as the compressive behavior and it is carried out by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), porosity analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and compression testing. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the pore characteristic, to optimize the compressive behavior using different porogen loadings (wt.%) and to compare the effect of the calcium phosphate filler on the compressive behavior of the porous PLA scaffold. At 80 % of porogen loadings, the scaffolds exhibit a compressive modulus of 116.39 ±10.6 MPa, with a porosity of 75.39 % and it exhibit interconnected open pore structure. With the addition of the bioactive filler, the compressive modulus has increased significantly to 133.86 ± 9.71 MPa. The prominent compressive modulus of the porous PLA scaffold is comparable with the human trabecular bone (50-250 MPa). The calcium phosphate filler not only improved the mechanical strength but also induced bioactivity to allow bone regeneration. Besides that, with the presence of the porogen, it has act as a nucleating agent which increase the glass transition temperature Tg and decrease the crystallinity of the PLA. This is mainly due to the porogen has impedes the chain mobility of the PLA

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