Air-Conditioning System By Using District System (DCS) - Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technology

Nordiana, Mohd Hatta (2009) Air-Conditioning System By Using District System (DCS) - Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technology. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

This study is about the air conditioning system by using District Cooling System (DCS) with the Thermal Energy Storage (TES) technology. DCS is a system where a central chiller plant provides chilled water for air-conditioning purposes for multiple buildings. Whereas TES is the storage of cooling energy during low airconditioning loads period and used later to meet the air-conditioning loads. TES can be further broken down into ice harvesting, ice-on-coil, ice slurry, and encapsulated ice options. Ice-on-coil systems may be internal-melt or external-melt and may be charged and discharged with refrigerant or a single-phase coolant (typically a water/glycol mixture). Ice-on-coil systems come in several variations. In all variations, ice is formed on a heat transfer surface (generically referred to as a “coil”) without being released during the charging mode and melted away during the discharge mode. Ice-harvesting systems form ice on coils or other refrigerant evaporating surfaces and periodically release the ice into a storage tank that contains a mixture of ice and water. Ice slurry systems produce small particles of ice within a solution of glycol and water, resulting in a slushy mixture that can be pumped. Encapsulated ice systems consist of water contained in plastic containers surrounded by coolant, all contained within a tank or other storage vessel. Within this report, all of these systems will differentiate by the storage system technologies, the mechanism, design and operating systems. Considering the pros and cons, the most suitable system will choose. The reasons of choosing that system as the best option will briefly explain. Moreover, the cooling load of FKM blocks in Durian Tunggal will calculate by using Carmel software. The overview of the software is preview, also the data insertion, check and end result. There are two types of outcomes of the program which consisting of result output and graph output. The most appropriate capacity/types of equipments that could go well with the system would be selected in order to ensure the system can operate efficiently. These equipments comprise of STL tank, chiller, cooling tower, heat exchanger and air-handling unit (AHU). The end part of this report will gives general conclusion on this study. It also include a suggestion to continue the research on this topic for better understanding on the refrigeration system and more to the point of obtaining the most competent cooling system in order to reduce its monthly expenses but with higher efficiency and give much benefits to the consumers.

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