Effect of HCL concentration, anodization voltage and time on microstructure, phase and photocatalysis activity of titanium dioxide film

Zulnizam, Nurul Zafirah (2015) Effect of HCL concentration, anodization voltage and time on microstructure, phase and photocatalysis activity of titanium dioxide film. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used for wide photocatalysis applications. Conventionally, TiO2 was produced by techniques such as sol-gel process and chemical vapor deposition. However, these techniques are either costly, complicated, or produces TiO2 film with poor mechanical properties. Hence, this project was serves to fabricate the TiO2 film by anodization of titanium foil. Anodization parameters such as voltage, time and HCl concentration were important to produce TiO2 film that suits to particular applications. The objectives of this project is, to synthesize TiO2 film by anodization of titanium foil, characterize the microstructure, phase composition and photocatalysis properties of the photocatalysis TiO2 film. Raman Spectra show anatase and rutile are more difficult to form in HCl electrolyte at higher voltage and longer anodization time. Field Emission Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) results showed no nanopore observed in the non-uniform surface microstructure of the sample. Nanothickness TiO2 film was detected Ti foil and was verified by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) result showed an increase of applied voltage and anodization time, contributed to higher surface roughness on the anodized samples. Samples exhibited an increase in surface roughness. It was found the sample anodized at 10 min and 5 V exhibited lower photocatalytic performance as compared to samples anodized at longer time (i.e. 20 min). Hence, the best parameter for TiO2 film synthesized by anodization of Ti foil was in lower voltage 5 V and shorter time duration 10 min.

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