Development of smart water irrigation system based on soil moisture sensor by using Arduino

Mohideen, Nazratul Ain (2025) Development of smart water irrigation system based on soil moisture sensor by using Arduino. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The global technology of today is crucial to the agricultural industry. One of the most general and beneficial smart systems is an irrigation system that is built and implemented using sensor-based technology. People will get advantages from this in their regular activities, saving them time and effort. The problem statement for this system is utilizing contemporary technology to optimize irrigation techniques in order to address the pressing problem of water waste in agriculture. By incorporating weather forecasts, real-time data, and user inputs, this system can offer farmers a reliable and effective solution that will help them conserve water and increase agricultural productivity. The main objective of this project is to design a Smart Water Irrigation System (SWIS) that optimizes the use of water in agricultural activities by utilizing contemporary technologies. In addition to ensuring that crops receive the proper amount of water at the right time, this method seeks to minimize water waste and save expenses. This system combines sensor technology with a battery, DC motor, and microcontroller. The emergence of controlled environment agriculture (CEA), which includes ventilation, lighting, and computer-controlled irrigation systems, has altered the traditional farming environment. Other than that, the developed system manages several environmental variables, including soil moisture sensor. An Arduino is used to control soil moisture sensor and integrated to water pump and receive data. In conclusion, by optimizing water usage, the SWIS supports resource conservation and advances environmental sustainability. Furthermore, small-scale farmers may access the system due to the scalability and affordability of Arduino-based technology, which gives them the tools they need to improve productivity and lessen the effects of climate change on agricultural practices. The article suggests and illustrate a low-cost, user-friendly Arduino- based controlled watering system. This project mainly consists of three parts, which is detection of soil moisture level, auto pumping of water upon the low soil moisture level and the data logging of soil moisture level in percentage into Parallax Data Acquisition tool (PLX-DAQ) software add in for Microsoft Excel.

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