Utilization Of Oil Palm Shell Powder (OPSP) As Filler In Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Stryrene (ABS) Composite

Mohd Hafiz , Abd. Rahman (2008) Utilization Of Oil Palm Shell Powder (OPSP) As Filler In Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Stryrene (ABS) Composite. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

In light of the high need for high strength, light weight and low cost materials, a lot of developments have been done by researchers and engineers. Conform to widely use of natural fiber and lignocelluloses materials as the reinforcement, this technical report presents the findings of the "Utilization of Oil Palm Shell Powder (OPSP) as Filler in Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) Composite". A virgin form of ABS is mixed with the OPSP using extrusion machine and using compression molding method to fabricate the mixture into composi te with 1 Owt% and 20wt% OPSP. Compression molded plate of 3mm was prepared for testing samples. A virgin form of ABS is also fabricated in order to compare the mechanical properties between novel form of ABS and OPSP filled ABS. In terms of tensile properties, Young's modulus increases, whereas tensile strength and elongation at break decreases with the increase in filler loading. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to justify the variation of the measured tensile properties. Furthermore, increasing the amount of fi ller content led to a decrease in flexural strength and a corresponding increase in flexural modulus. On the other hand, impact strength of the composite with 1 Owt% filler loading is almost similar to unfilled ABS which suggests its potential as filler materials to reduce the utilization of the pure ABS. However, the impact strength is drastically decreased with addition of 20wt% filler. As conclusion, it has been found that OPSP with certain weight percentages is suitable as filler material in ABS composite without significantly losing its mechanical properties. However, the filler particle size and shape in the matrix which reflected in the poor interfacial adhesion is believed affecting the mechanical properties of the composite. It is suggested that finer particle size as well as modification of the interfacial adhesion by using coupling agent such as stearic acid and Silane to be used in future research.

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