R66 Bus Superstructure Concept Design Development

Low, Soo Har (2010) R66 Bus Superstructure Concept Design Development. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Nowadays, buses are an integral part of the national transportation system. Although buses are one of the safest means of public transportation, but the occupant cause in injuries and fatalities in bus crashes still occurred. The rate of serious injuries and fatalities of occupants in rollover accidents is higher compared with all other types of accidents. With the ever-increasing awareness for the occupant’s safety, it is much desired to develop the bus structure which has enough strength to meet the safety norms. Therefore, rollover strength has become an important issue for buses and coaches manufacturers. The working party of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) had allowed the relevant regulation ECE R66 deals with occupant protection and strength of bus superstructure during accident which involved rollover. The purpose of this project, ―R66 Bus Superstructure Concept Design Development‖ is to design a digital data for bus chassis concept which comply with R66 regulation and develop the final bus structure concept which being considered the optimum application in term of weight, material, compliances, and manufacturing process. This project is discussed the development of bus structure from theoretical impact analysis of its roof crush in rollover analysis using ADAMS-View. ADAMS-View software was used to simulate the rollover of the bus. Bus kinetic energies, velocities, impact force of bus structure on the ground and its angle with the ground just before impact was measured in ADAMS-View. By using these inputs for the calculation structure deformation and energy absorb by bus structure using theoretical impact calculation is execute. On the other hand, bus structure deformation analysis by using MSC. Patran and MSC. Nastran is used for the comparison purpose to the gain from theoretical impact calculation method. According to the ECE-R66 regulation, a passenger’s survival space is defined in the bus model to check whether, there is any intrusion into the survival space during or after the rollover. This is to ensure the bus structure has sufficient strength to avoid intrusions into the survival space.

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