TKE and dimple design : Exploring the synergistic effect of drag reduction on Ahmed body

Abd Razak, Siti Nur Nabilah (2024) TKE and dimple design : Exploring the synergistic effect of drag reduction on Ahmed body. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The goal of drag reduction in aerodynamics has long been a research focus, with consequences ranging across several disciplines, including the automobile and aviation industries. Surface alterations, such as dimples, have received attention as an emerging technology due to their ability to reduce drag. This thesis investigates the synergistic relationship between Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) and dimple design, specifically in the context of the Ahmed body, a standard model in vehicle aerodynamics. This study analyzes how dimple design and TKE modification interact to reduce drag through a thorough examination, historical insights, and fundamental investigations. The Ahmed body, developed by S. R. Ahmed in 1984, serves as a standardized model for controlled experimentation, allowing for systematic testing of drag-reducing measures. Dimples, which are known for their drag-reducing potential via boundary layer turbulence, are investigated for their ability to modify TKE levels and alter flow separation patterns. Despite major advances in drag reduction approaches, there is still a significant vacuum in the research concerning the combined impacts of dimple design and TKE control on bluff bodies such as the Ahmed Body. This thesis seeks to close the gap by investigating how dimple designs interact with TKE to reduce drag on the Ahmed body. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and experimental validation, the study methodically explores dimple geometry, turbulence dynamics, and drag coefficients to uncover unique insights into drag-reducing methods. The desired goals of this study are increased aerodynamic efficiency, decreased fuel consumption, and a lower environmental effect in transportation systems. By explaining the complex link between TKE and dimple design, this thesis aims to enhance aerodynamic optimization and technical innovation.

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