Development of a refractive index sensor based on changes in the radius of a u-shaped plastic optical fiber

Mathialakan, Sarvina (2024) Development of a refractive index sensor based on changes in the radius of a u-shaped plastic optical fiber. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The refractive index, is a fundamental property of a material that describes the extent to which light is bent or refracted when it passes through it. It is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the material. Each material has its own specific refractive index, which influences the behavior of light as it enters or travels through the material. To shows the refractive index variations, the amount of water vapor present in the air was detected using humidity sensing. Besides, humidity sensing plays a vital role in various industries, including agriculture, engineering, medicine, and more. Plastic optical fibers (POF) can be utilized as humidity sensors by tappering it manually using sandpaper, with different waist diameters such as 500 μm and 600 μm. The aim of this project is to validate the effect of evanescent wave on a U-shaped tapered POF relying on modulated light intensity to sense humidity in 3cm, 4cm and 5cm in radius. Three different wavelengths which are 470 nm, 530 nm, and 645 nm were used to evaluate the sensor's sensitivity in range of 35% RH to 90% RH of humidity level. The sensor was expected to demonstrate on inversely proportional to RH level. Data analysis included parameters such as trendline and sensitivity.

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