Defect detection on welding part by using magnetic particle inspection (MPI)

Abd Latif, Muhammad Haziq (2024) Defect detection on welding part by using magnetic particle inspection (MPI). Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI), also known as Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI), is a non-destructive testing method employed for the detection of surface and near-surface defects in ferromagnetic materials. MPI is widely used in various industries to ensure the integrity and safety of ferromagnetic components. The portability and sensitivity capabilities make MPI a versatile option from assessing tiny cracks around fastener sites in aircraft structures to detecting large subsurface hot tears in alloy steel welds of pipelines. Continued innovation focuses on automated scanning and interpretation to expand MPI applications for finding surface-breaking defects across critical systems, components and manufacturing lines. MPI techniques encompass using dry particles or particles suspended in wet carrier liquids along with varying magnetizing methods. Indication patterns can be enhanced for visibility through contrast MPI and further characterization. Applicable codes and standards guide the test materials, processes, equipment capabilities, demagnetization requirements, and personnel competencies for reliable inspection. MPI offers quick in-situ defect detection without needing to dismantle or clean test articles extensively. This technique also involves magnetizing the material and applying a magnetic particle medium, which allows the particles to align along the magnetic field lines at defect locations. These aligned particles create indications that are visible during inspection. The inspection process includes examining the surface using suitable techniques, interpreting the characteristics of the indications, and determining whether they represent defects or acceptable conditions based on established standards. Post-inspection, the magnetic particle medium is removed, and the surface is thoroughly cleaned.

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