Numerical study of the blood flow in aortic aneurysm

Selamat, Aida Nazurah (2021) Numerical study of the blood flow in aortic aneurysm. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

An aneurysm is caused by the lower strength of the blood vessel. Therefore, an aneurysm commonly occurs in arteries rather than veins due to the vein’s lower blood pressure. This study is cognate of the diagnosed aneurysm aorta’s geometry design and the effect on the hemodynamic of the aorta, leading to heart failure. The study aims to develop CFD models of blood flow in the ascending aorta vessel and simulate and validate blood flow through the healthy aorta with previous available literature. This study also focused on analysing hemodynamic flow characteristics such as velocity, pressure drop, and wall shear as a predictive tool for possible Thoracic Arterial Aneurysms diseases. The model is used by the extraction of the healthy aorta’s geometry from gated clinical cardiac 64-slice CT scans obtained by the National Heart Institute (IJN), Malaysia and the model of the bulge of aorta with aneurysms condtion is developed by referring to previous study with the maximum diameter of 52.40 mm. The simulation of the aorta is comducted by using ANSYS Fluent with k- epsilon, realizable and enhance wall treatment model. The result shows that the average velocity, pressure, and turbulent kinetic energy of the healthy aorta streamline are 6.184×10-2 m/s, 5.884 Pa, and 1.028×10-4 m2/s2. The simulation result of the hemodynamic of diagnosed aorta such as the average velocity, pressure and turbulent kinetic energy are 5.485×10-2 m/s, 5.485 Pa and 2.091×10-4 m2/s2. The result indicates that the changes in the diameter of the aorta wall by a bulge can affect the hemodynamic flow of the aorta. The velocity drops each condition has a similar value. However, the static pressure value, wall shear stress undergoes the value decrement while the turbulent kinetic energy undergoes an increment. The increment of the aorta diameter leads to the lower velocity value of the blood flow. While the aorta undergoes the condition, the pressure drop will increase, causing the risk of the aorta rupture to increase.

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