Preparation And Characterization Of Seaweed Nanopowder Via Acid Hydrolysis Method A Critical Review

Baharudin, Nor Afrina (2020) Preparation And Characterization Of Seaweed Nanopowder Via Acid Hydrolysis Method A Critical Review. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Seaweeds are viewed as one of the most significant sustainable resources with industrial potential in various applications due to its high content of cellulose with unique properties. Nevertheless, the levels of development of seaweed powder have to be increased to provide high demand and a huge potential market of seaweed powder. The purpose of this study is to plan a methodology for the preparation of the seaweed nanopowder in terms of nanocellulose (NC) production via chemical treatment. In order to synthesize NC from seaweed, the significant parameters using 64 wt% acid hydrolysis for 250 min had been postulated. Based on the past study, there has been little study on using red seaweed as a cellulose nanopowder production. Hence, the effect of hydrolysis time and hydrolysis acid concentration are studied in order to find the optimum conditions of NC of red seaweed due to the richness of cellulose content and lowest percentage of noncellulosic components such as lignin and hemicellulose, which is promising a good quality and high yield of nanopowder. The crystallinity index was postulated as 80% higher than the late research and crystallite size had been hypothesized to 465 nm which was the smallest size based on graph pattern due to the critical review. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis used to determine the crystallography structures of seaweed NC and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis which confirmed that peaks for lignin and hemicellulose are removed from the spectra of the alkali-treated seaweed. After that, the surface morphology property was observed by carrying out Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis before and after alkali treatment and also after acid h yd rolysi s, which was the surface morphology of treated nanopowder was smoother than untreated. Thus, seaweed provides an alternative raw material and this aspect gives a susta inable cellulose source to the NC production

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