Bio-degradable grease formulation using fresh palm oil as precursor

Mohd Ali, Muhammad Haris Izzuddin (2019) Bio-degradable grease formulation using fresh palm oil as precursor. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Petroleum based products were widely used as lubricant in the industry. However, to date it is found out that petroleum reserve is decreasing. This leads to the increase of petroleum and petroleum based products prices. To overcome this problem, this study proposes to develop a new type of grease. The new grease will use fresh palm oil as its raw ingredient. This is because palm oil is renewable and biodegradable. The grease will be formulated using pure palm oil as grease precursor and Lithium Hydroxystereate as thickening agent. Zinc Dialkydithiophosphates ZDDP) also used as the additive to enhance the properties and also as anti-wear and anti-oxidant agent in the base oil. These three element will be blended together with different concentration to develop a new biodegradable grease. ZDDP will be used for each sample with concentration of 2wt% and different value of Lithium Hydroxystereate which contains of 5wt%, 10wt%, 15wt% and 20wt%. The formulated new bio lubricant will then be tested for its lubricity using a Four-ball Tester in accordance of ASTM D2266 and ASTM D2596 to investigate wear scar diameter and extreme pressure while Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM) used for characterization which to scan the behavior on the surface with the higher resolution. This study showed the Sample 2 with the concentration of 2wt% ZDDP and 10wt% of Lithium Hydroxystereate obtained the most desirable tribological among the prepared samples. It displayed the lowest coefficient of friction at 0.091 and the smallest wear scar diameter at 372μm while Sample 4 exhibited the highest applied load in extreme pressure testing which 315Kgf. In the end of this study, the new biodegradable grease was successfully developed by blending with 2wt% ZDDP and Lithium Hydroxystereate into commercialized cooking palm oil.

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