Investigation of curling effect of 3D-printed ABS structure on different print bed temperatures and surfaces

Chung, See Ern (2019) Investigation of curling effect of 3D-printed ABS structure on different print bed temperatures and surfaces. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

One of the problems in Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printing process is that the extruded plastic filament tends to curl and deformed from the print bed and sometimes peeled away from the print bed. The purpose of this research is to characterize the curling behaviours and surface roughness of ABS structure fabricated using different print bed temperature and different print bed materials. The current research investigates the specimens produced by 3D printer Flash Forge Creator Pro. The print bed temperature and print bed material were under direct variations in order to examine if there was an influence on geometric shape and surface roughness of 3D printed structures. The test specimen model of dog bone shaped compliant to the ASTM D638-10 standard. A type I specimen profile is adopted. Then the printing process is set at different range of print bed temperature (100,105,110,115,120°C). The print bed conditions is printed on original print bed and on zinc plate with adhesives. Zinc plates was applied onto the print bed to reduce warping deformation and surface roughness. There are three testing carried out. Firstly, the heat flow rate of both print bed is measured using heat flow meter. The zinc plates have lower heat flow rate. Heat flow rate will increase when print bed temperature increased. Secondly, the 3D printed specimens were measured their curling effect using 3D scanner and metrology software. The result shows that the specimens printed on zinc plate has low deformation compared to specimens printed on original print bed. The deformations increased as the print bed temperature increased. Lastly, the surface roughness test by using surface profilometer. The surface parameter is the average mean surface roughness (Ra, μm), the root means square surface roughness (Rq, μm) and the surface roughness depth (Rz, μm). The examination showed conditionally, as temperature was increased the surface roughness print bed temperature were further increased, as the zinc plate and adhesive added, the surface quality increased. The ABS specimen printed on zinc plate with print bed temperature of 100ºC have the least deformations and high surface quality.

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