Mechanical Properties Investigation On PLA And ABS Materials For Geospatial Topology Product Printed By Rapid Prototyping Method

Termiti, Zarif Hasif (2019) Mechanical Properties Investigation On PLA And ABS Materials For Geospatial Topology Product Printed By Rapid Prototyping Method. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Mechanical properties of material is important aspect in designing and producing a high quality product and reliable to user. Geospatial technology is an advance technology that used by human which act as modern tools that provide the geographic mapping and analysis of the earth and human societies. The application of GIS under the geospatial technology is a system that processing and retrieving geospatial reference data which contain geographic attribute information. Rapid prototyping is one of element in the essence of the industrial revolution 4.0 which changes or revolutionize manufacturing industry pattern frommass production to mass customization. For instance, the used of rapid prototyping method have been implemented in the current development of geospatial product from various type of material. Recently, the FDM 3D printing had been widely used including in the development of geospatial product, unfortunately the performance of material after printed is still unknown. This research was done focusing on evaluating the material properties (tensile, flexural, and impact) for ABS and PLA filament for geospatial topology product produce by FDM 3D printing. The previous studies show that the variation or changes in parameter of FDM 3D printing would affect the material properties performance of printed material and product appearance. Other than that, the thesis had fulfilled its objective to investigate the relationship between tensile, flexural and impact data on ABS and PLA filament. The study involving the fabrication of specimen by FDM 3D printing method using same printing parameter of 3D printing geospatial product and finding suitable standard of testing that can be use based on the previous studies. The ASTM standards is used for all testing to study the material properties. For tensile test, ASTM D638 is used as standards guideline which required fabrication of type IV specimen size and 5mm/min testing speed. Meanwhile, ASTM D790 is chosen as guideline in conducting flexural testing that involving specimen preparation of molded type with 51.2mm span length and 1.367mm/min test speed. Impact testing which used izod impact testing method has following ASTM D256 which involving testing the specimen by using 2.75J pendulum energy. The finding of the studies shows that by using proper standard of testing, the material properties of the material used for geospatial product which are ABS and PLA material. For tensile testing, the tensile strength for ABS and PLA material are 3.48 MPa and 37.45 MPa respectively. Meanwhile, the flexural strength of ABS material is 53.15 MPa and 68.52 MPa for PLA material in flexural testing. Last but not least, the result of impact test gives value of impact strength for ABS and PLA material which are 3.33 MPa and 11.63 MPa respectively. The geospatial product which made by PLA material has the ability to withstand high tensile and flexural loading but poor in resisting impact loading compare with ABS material if producing according the reference parameter based on the result in this study

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