Synthesis Of Grapheme Film From Palm Kernel Activated Carbon Using Chemical Vapor Deposition For Durability Control

Abdollah, Mohd Fadzli and Amiruddin, Hilmi and Tamaldin, Noreffendy and Mat Tahir, Noor Ayuma (2019) Synthesis Of Grapheme Film From Palm Kernel Activated Carbon Using Chemical Vapor Deposition For Durability Control. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

A new class of material known as graphene has the potential to reduce friction and wear due to its high level of hardness and stiffness [1–3]. Several solutions have been created to reduce unwanted friction and wear in many applications,including the use of bearings, lubricants,additives,and modifier technology [3–15]. Allotropes of carbon,especially activated carbon, graphite,graphene and carbon nanotubes,have been recorded as excellent anti-friction and wear materials [16–26]. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) is a method whereby a chemical reaction is used to induce the deposition of a thin film.Transition metals such as nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) act as a catalyst and substrate for the growth of graphene [25], [27–34].In the CVD method, graphene is synthesised onto the surface of a substrate by heating the source up to its gas transient point (Tg). Then,with the assistance of an inert gas flow,the carbon vapour is transferred onto the substrate surface.Based on this concept,researchers can vary their carbon sources to use either gaseous,liquid or solid feed stocks [9],[30], [33],[35–36].The carrier gases commonly used in the CVD process are inert gases such as argon and nitrogen. However,a hydrocarbon is typically introduced for the synthesis of carbon.The same situation is applicable for solid sources,except that the sources are introduced and then heated directly inside the chamber.Although it is possible to grow graphene with hydrocarbon sources,the amount of hydrogen (H) can improve the quality of the graphene [37].As far as in known,no study has been carried out in Malaysia to investigate the potential of local waste products in surface modifier technology. Hence,this paper reports the findings on the optimum parameters for growing graphene from solid waste products using the CVD method.

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