Microwave Assisted Transesterification Of Jatropha Oil Over Natural Waste Cockles Catalyst Of Biodiesel Production

Azrin, Aqilah Husna (2018) Microwave Assisted Transesterification Of Jatropha Oil Over Natural Waste Cockles Catalyst Of Biodiesel Production. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

This study investigate the production of biodiesel through a reaction of transesterification process by using microwave irradiation method. The jatropha oil (JCO) is used as the biodiesel feedstock due to its source as the non-edible oil and easy to obtain without undermining the food production. The jatropha oil have high content of free fatty acid (FFA), thus it need to undergo an acid esterification process before proceed with transesterification process via microwave irradiation. Meanwhile, the waste cockles is prepared through a calcination process in a furnace at 900°C with a heating rate of 5 °C/min for 4 hours to convert calcium carbonate, CaCO3 into calcium oxide, CaO. The purpose of catalyst is used to raise the transesterification reaction and biodiesel yield. Next, the presence of methanol in the reaction to breakdown the emulsion faster to form of biodiesel and glycerol. The microwave irradiation are carried out at 400 W power output and 7 minute reaction time. The results shows that that the maximum yield produced occur at 9:1 methanol to oil molar ratio with 5 wt % catalyst concentration which is 83.6% and acid value after transesterification process of 0.56. Thus, microwave irradiation could be employed as energy source due to its ability and efficient in accelerating the transesterification process according to the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214.

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