Study The Effect Of Nanoclay On Poly (Lactic Acid) And Polybutylene Succinate As Matrix For Pineapple Leaf Fibre Based Composite

Saiffuddin, Puteri Nadiah (2018) Study The Effect Of Nanoclay On Poly (Lactic Acid) And Polybutylene Succinate As Matrix For Pineapple Leaf Fibre Based Composite. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The study is about the utilization of Nanoclay as filler for Poly (Lactic Acid) and Polybutylene Succinate as matrix for Pineapple Leaf Fibre based composite. The aim of this study is to optimize the filler loading of Nanoclay with respect to mechanical properties of the Poly (Lactic Acid), (PLA) and Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) polymers, to investigate the effect of Nanoclay onto the thermal properties of the PLA and to evaluate the influence of the Nanoclay on the mechanical properties of the Pineapple Leaf Fibre (PALF)-polymer composite. Firstly, the Nanoclay is being treated using ultrasonic probe to ensure a well dispersion of Nanoclay. Then the Nanoclay is being used as filler loading at 0.5, 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% to produce the composite using solvent casting method and compression moulding machine. The thermal properties of PLA with different loading of Nanoclay are being analysed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry due to the main matrix for the composite. Then, optimum loading of Nanoclay is proceed with pre-pregging process to produce Nanoclay-PLA/PALF and Nanoclay-PLA/PBS/PALF. The optimum loading of Nanoclay is at 1 wt.%. This is supported by the result of tensile testing and SEM analysis which showed the increased value of tensile properties and the homogenous fracture surface of the composite. The result proved that with the presence of Nanoclay, the thermal properties improved with 3 wt.% of Nanoclay, the presence of Nanoclay has increased the Tg from 56.4°C to 59.22°C and Tm has increased to 151.20°C to 152.62°C. The mechanical properties of Nanoclay-PLA/PBS/PALF showed improvement in terms of ductility with value of Elongation at Break at 5.07% which increased 5 times compared to pure PLA/PALF. Ultimate tensile strength of Nanoclay-PLA/PALF also improved 4% at 148.93 MPa compared to pure PLA/PALF due to the presence of Nanoclay. Therefore, 1 wt % of Nanoclay loading reinforced PLA/PALF has been selected as the best candidate for composite in term of strength and ductility.

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