Fabrication And Characterization Of Carbonized Electrospun Nanofibres From Polyacrylonitrile And Polyvinyl Alcohol Precursors

Ahmad Zainuddin, Ahmad Syahmi (2018) Fabrication And Characterization Of Carbonized Electrospun Nanofibres From Polyacrylonitrile And Polyvinyl Alcohol Precursors. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Electrospinning is a simple and versatile technique for producing polymeric nanofibres.The technique has also been used to produce nanoscale carbon fibres through post heat treatment of precursor materials.However,a notable gap exists in carbon nanofibre production especially in understanding the effects of processing method on the properties of the carbon nanofibres.In this study,carbon nanofibres were produced carbon nanofibre from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) precursors.The main objectives of this study were to produce carbon nanofibres using electrospinning technique and to characterize the fibres based on physical,chemical and electrical properties of the nanofibres.PAN solution was prepared by mixing PAN in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and PVA solution was prepared by dissolving PVA in distilled water.The as-spun PVA nanofibres were first underwent iodination process to improve its thermal stability before heat treatment process.Both PAN and PVA nanofibre precursors were stabilized at 240°C with a ramping time of 1°C/min in an oxidative environment.Then, the nanofibres were carbonized at 1000°C in a nitrogen filled furnace.Different samples were produced at different heating rates of 5°C/min and 3°C/min for comparison.Finally,characterization of the carbon nanofibres was carried out using scanning electron microscope (SEM),four-point probe and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).The results suggest that PAN precursor produce good carbon nanofibres characteristics. A flat line on FTIR spectra shows fully elimination of non-carbon element in PAN nanofibre.Carbon nanofibre produced has higher electrical conductivity with lower heating rate of carbonization.Diameter of PAN carbon nanofibre produce decreased after carbonization process. Carbonization of PVA produces unreliable carbon nanofibre characteristics due to higher temperature used. Characteristics of PVA carbon nanofibre undetected due to melting form of nanofibres.In short,both carbon nanofibre were successfully fabricated and characterized which achieve the main objective.Both precursor in producing carbon nanofibre need to used more effective method, parameters and proper machine to enhance accuracy of results.

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