Redesign the toilet seat by using ergonomic approach

Mat Zin, Nurul Halwanie (2015) Redesign the toilet seat by using ergonomic approach. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

This final year project is focusing to produce an ergonomic toilet seat design based on anthropometry data of FKPs students. The toilet presented a product that had changed little in hundreds of years. In terms of ergonomic requirements, squatting position is the best way to defecate compare to sitting due to more effective way to pooping and effortlessly make its way out of the body. However, when the modern toilet was invented, all of users are scampered towards modernization and then started leaving behind the humble squat toilet to use sophisticated toilet seat. In this context, the problems related to non-ergonomic consideration of the existing toilet seat in the market nowadays pose much trouble to some users due to inappropriate body posture. The data of the problems encountered and ergonomics features were obtained through a questionnaire survey among 60 respondents of Fakulti Kejuruteraan Pembuatan (FKP), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM). The selection of concepts design is finalized by using Pugh Selection Method; Screening and Scoring method. The final 3D modelling design of the toilet seat was drawn using SolidWork 2011 software. The Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) was applied to analyse the postures for existing toilet and also to the redesigned toilet seat. Based on the RULA analysis, the redesigned toilet seat has improved the postures of the users. Body Pressure Measurement Systems (BPMs) used to evaluate the distribution pressure around buttocks area in sitting and sitsquat position. The results shows that sitsquat posture reduces the pressure around buttock area compare to the existing sitting posture. Hence, this study concluded that considering ergonomics features to the toilet seat design contribute to safe body posture and can improve the bowel movements process.

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