Temperature Effect On Carbonization Of Water Hyacinth As A Solid Biofuel

Mohd Zubir, Othman (2015) Temperature Effect On Carbonization Of Water Hyacinth As A Solid Biofuel. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Water hyacinth is one of the pest plants that live on the surface of water, river and lake where it is able to remove the oxygen and nutrient in the water. Water hyacinth consists of 10 % of lignin, 25 % of cellulose and 35 % of hemicelluloses. Therefore, the components exist in water hyacinth have a potential to become a solid biofuel. Water hyacinth can be converted into high quality fuel by carbonization process. Carbonization is a treatment method for upgrading biomass feedstock into solid biofuels. The purpose of this research is to investigate the temperature effect of water hyacinth briquette which carbonized at temperature 300, 400, 500 and 600 °C at heating rate 5 °C per minutes for two hours. There are six steps involved to produce of water hyacinth as a briquette which are collecting of raw material, drying, crushing, milling, carbonization and densification. The briquette products produced have been passed through some analyses such as proximate analysis, calorific test, compressive test, and FTIR test so that the properties of briquette product can be determined. A comparison will be made between these types of briquettes in order to identify the optimum temperature of carbonization in producing highest quality briquette product in the future. The highest calorific value is C300 briquette with 4414 cal/g. The lowest percentage of moisture content and volatile matter is carbonization briquette with temperature 600 °C which is 3.00 and 20.33 % respectively while for ash and fixed carbon content, C600 briquette shows the highest percentage with 50.67 and 26.00 % respectively. The highest compressive value obtained was C300 briquette compared with other carbonization briquette. Based on the analysis, carbonization temperature at 300 °C are the optimum temperatures that can be applied on water hyacinth to become solid biofuel.

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