The rolling effect in mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel for implant materials

Lie, , Ken Nie (2013) The rolling effect in mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel for implant materials. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Austenitic stainless steel grade 316L is a popular material that is being used as implant materials due to their corrosion resistance behaviour, good formability and biocompatibility of metals. However, under machining processes, the mechanical properties of stainless steel 316L may be affected. In this project, the mechanical properties of stainless steel grade 316L were analysed through various tests. Nine specimens were prepared with 8 of the specimens undergoing the cold roll process with 0 to 70% cold work percentage. The effect of cold rolling process on stainless steel grade 316L was analysed for all nine specimens. The U-bend test was conducted to obtain the compressive stress and compressive strain data of each specimen. The hardness of each specimen was determined by conducting the microhardness test on top, side and bottom area of the specimen. The microstructure characterization and analysis of the austenitic stainless steel 316L before and after cold roll treatment was conducted. The U-bend test showed that with increasing percent reduction in thickness for 0 to 23 percent, the compressive strength increases and is highest for the 23 percent reduction in thickness specimen. This is then followed by a decreasing trend for the 30 to 70 percent reduction in thickness specimens. From the microhardness test, the hardness values of the top surface of the U-bend specimens are higher compared to the bottom surface of the specimens. Through the microscopic observation, it was observed that cold deformation causes changes in microstructure such as elongation and compression of grains which lead to hardening of the surface. This microstructural modification contributes to the increase in the mechanical properties which justifies its application in the medical field as implant materials.

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