Development of an IoT-based smart monitoring system for TNB’s substations

Krishnan, Navinneish (2024) Development of an IoT-based smart monitoring system for TNB’s substations. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Electricity is a crucial aspect of modern life, powering homes, businesses, and industries, and enabling the functioning of modern technology and infrastructure. Substations play a pivotal role in the distribution of power by connecting transmission and distribution circuits, ensuring that electricity is delivered efficiently and reliably to end users. However, Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) substations face significant challenges, including theft, vandalism, and flood detection issues, which can lead to power outages, increased maintenance costs, and safety hazards. Theft and vandalism are serious issues for TNB substations, as they can result in the loss of critical components and damage to infrastructure, disrupting the supply of electricity and incurring significant repair costs. Additionally, substations are often located in areas prone to flooding, and the inability to detect rising water levels in time can lead to catastrophic failures, endangering both equipment and personnel. This project, titled " Development of an Iot-Based smart monitoring system for TNB’S substations ", aims to enhance the security and safety of TNB substations through early incident warnings. The proposed system integrates three key sensors: a PIR motion sensor to detect unauthorized access, a water level sensor to monitor potential flooding, and a smoke sensor to identify fire hazards. These sensors are connected to a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller, which is programmed to send alerts via Telegram when any sensor is triggered. The system leverages low-cost, readily available components, ensuring ease of installation, user-friendliness, and scalability. The anticipated benefits of this system include enhanced security, timely warnings of potential threats, and cost reductions.

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