Design and comparison study of Pelton turbine for torque power output

Yii, Kevin Shun Jing (2021) Design and comparison study of Pelton turbine for torque power output. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The use of energy consumption in the world have increases rapidly in these few years. The shortage of the energy supplies becomes a big concern for users. This causes the needs for the renewable energy rises. Since the earth surface covered with 71% of water, therefore hydropower is one of the energy that contain huge potential to become biggest energy suppliances in the world. In this project, the pico-hydro power is introduced. This is because pico-hydro power is small and requires only low head. So, this could enable the application of the pico-hydro power in domestic use and small application and needs. But there is a concern on the power output of the pico-hydro power. This is the main problem that face by the pico-hydro power. There are many types of impulse turbine and reaction turbine. The reaction turbine is mentioned in this project to understand its characteristic and applications. So, in this study the Pelton turbine is used as the turbine for the pico-hydro power. The Pelton turbine is purposely to study for its parameter which is angle of deflection and number of buckets. The combination between these two parameters is important to obtain different combination with its power output. The Solidworks software is used for design and simulation purposes. The design of this Pelton turbine is based on the common use pipe for residential area and then calculates its parameter based on its jet ratio between jet and the turbine diameter. The vertically water drop system is referred and used as the inlet velocity of the turbine. The outlet of the turbine is designed bigger diameter than the inlet this is to prevent the water stuck in the turbine casing because this is to prevent the water stored in the casing affects its rotations. As the experiment on the power output is carried out to study the effects of the turbine geometry on the water flow are inspected and analyzed.

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