Development of precision irrigation system for durian tree based on real time soil moisture reading

John, Jonathan Samuel (2021) Development of precision irrigation system for durian tree based on real time soil moisture reading. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Irrigation is an essential system for farms as it allows for the trees to receive water to grow. However, t danhe problems of most durian farms according to reports are that the farmers lack understanding of the sprinkler irrigation and poor farming practices that lead to potential death of durian trees, excessive water usage and lack of technology. Therefore, the objectives of this report is to develop and enable IoT a sub-surface irrigation system that will be actuated based on capacitive soil moisture sensor, to analyse the stability of the soil moisture sensor and lastly to analyse the precision of the sub-surface irrigation system with respect to the soil moisture threshold. The experiments to fulfill the objectives are callibration of capacitive soil moisture sensor with respect to increments of water by fixed volumes and reading the voltage from the NodeMCU. An IoT network was set up using NodeRed and FavorIoT to enable 2 way communicate with the NodeMCU. Lastly, the sub-surface irrigation system was tested by channeling water to the sensor with two cases, that is, one without a funnel, and one with a funnel to guide the water to the base of the sensor. The results show that the sensor gives a 100% soil moisture at 260ml based on a 400ml of soil.The IoT platform can function. Lastly, the sub-surface irrigation with the funnel’s relative error was calculated and the maximum error obtained was 13% and the minimum error obtained was 2%. As a conclusion, the sub-surface irrigation with IoT enabled can work and provide data over long term periods and easy methods of actuation. Next, the sensor is proven to be stable. Lastly, the precision of the sub-surface irrigation is relatively high.

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