Development of electronic speed control (ESC) circuit of brushless dc motor for drone applications

Amir, Muhammad Affendy (2021) Development of electronic speed control (ESC) circuit of brushless dc motor for drone applications. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Over the past few years, the significant of drone applications had drastically increased in many sector of industries such as agriculture, aerial photography and entertainment. Nowadays, there are many types of drone in markets which generally classified based on its aerial platform. Basic construction of drones would need several essential part to make it operates such as motor, ESC circuit, frame, remote control (transmitter and receiver), battery, power distribution board and flight controller. This thesis project presents the development of electronic speed control (ESC) circuit for sensored BLDC motor for drone applications. It also presents the design of proposed ESC for clockwise and counterclockwise rotation which its performance analysis also will be presented in this project. Theoritically, the operations of BLDC motor would need an ESC circuit to receive the signals about the informations of position rotor from sensors. This project proposes the development of ESC circuit for BLDC motor using hall effect sensors instead of using conventional approach of back EMF approach. The usage of hall effect sensors will easier the development of ESC circuit due to avoide difficulties in microcontroller programming and more realible at low speeds. To validate the accuracy of proposed model, the performance of proposed ESC circuit which using sensors approach was analyzed based on simulation using Simulink MATLAB software and performed experiment analysis based on existing design of ESC circuit. Then, the performance was evaluated based on varying the experiment parameter to observe the changes of output results. Finally, the experiment investigations also done on proposed ESC circuit to study the relation between duty ratio of PWM and speed of BLDC motor. The simulation and experimental results verified that the proposed ESC circuit using hall effect sensor approach can be for drone applications. Furthermore, it also verifed that the proposed ESC circuit design can perfromed clockwise and counterclockwise rotation for BLDC motor. Lastly, the result verified that the speed of BLDC motor can be verified when the duty ratio of PWM signal varied since it was proportianal to each other

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