Dual Band Circularly Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna For GPS Application

Faiz Hafizuddin , Mazlan (2011) Dual Band Circularly Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna For GPS Application. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

This project proposed to study the antenna operation in Global Positioning System (GPS). The GPS is a system that able to determine the location of human and object that moving or static everywhere on the earth. GPS lately has been widely used and has become a vital global utility, indispensable for modern navigation, as well as an important tool for land surveying and map making. An extremely precise time reference, velocity and position provide that required for telecommunications and some scientific research are all provide by GPS including the study of nature phenomena such as earthquakes and tsunami that lately have been reported occur at many place around the word. The widely used frequency for GPS application is 1575 MHZ. The main objective of this project is to design and fabricate dual frequencies antennas that operate at 1575 MHz and 1227 MHz with circular polarization operation. Microstrip antenna method are been using due to its low cost, lightweight and other advantages. The microstrip technology which are used for defense and commercial application, are replacing many conversional antennas. However these types of antenna are limited to its bandwidth as it can generate a narrow bandwidth. A 2x2 array microstrip patch antenna is proposed for dual frequency operation and a square patch with a corner truncated is design to generate a circular polarization signal. A coaxial probe is used to provide current into the patch along the transmission line. Return loss, gain and bandwidth are investigated in this project. The antenna is required to have a return loss below than -10 dB, at least 40 MHz bandwidth and gain higher than 2 dB respectively.

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