Development of simplify vehicle model to represent multiple axles wheels

Mustaffa Kamar, Muhammad Haziq (2025) Development of simplify vehicle model to represent multiple axles wheels. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of a simplified vehicle model designed to represent multiple-axle trucks. It specifically addresses the complexities associated with axle load distribution and dynamic modeling. The dynamics of trucks with multiple axles can be particularly intricate due to an increase in the number of degrees of freedom (DOF), which complicates calculations essential for load distribution and stability assessments. To address these challenges, this research proposes a method that condenses multiple axles into a single-axle model. This simplification is achieved through the implementation of summation methods and precise calculations of moment arm locations, thereby clarifying the model's structure and improving its functionality. The validation of the model was conducted through extensive simulations of acceleration and braking using TruckSim. These simulations examined various conditions, particularly focusing on speed ranges of 60 km/h, 80 km/h, and 100 km/h. The results demonstrated that the simplified twoaxle model effectively approximates the dynamics of a three-axle truck, exhibiting minimal errors following the application of tuning values. This finding underscores the model's reliability. This innovative approach significantly reduces the computational complexity traditionally associated with multi-axle truck modeling while maintaining a high degree of accuracy. Consequently, it facilitates enhanced vehicle design and performance optimization. Future research is recommended to extend the model's applicability by incorporating more complex multi-trailer systems and conducting tests under diverse road conditions. Such endeavors would enrich the understanding of vehicle dynamics in real-world applications, contributing to improvements in truck design and safety.

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