Performance evaluation of LoRa radio links for agricultural purpose

Mohd Saifulizam, Nur Aidilla (2021) Performance evaluation of LoRa radio links for agricultural purpose. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Long-Range (LoRa) wireless communication technology has been widely used in many monitoring system developments such as in smart agriculture, due to its low power consumption, and architecture of low-cost systems. However, variations in the environments such as vegetation affects radio link quality. Thus, assessment on propagation characteristics in the vegetation areas are important to ensure communication quality for agriculture IoT applications. In this project, 915 MHz band propagation characteristics in agricultural area were investigated in Dragon Fruit Farm in Selandar, Melaka. Two Lora shields and two Arduinos are used as transmitter and receiver where the LoRa shield is used as a bridge to communicate between the Arduinos. The LoRa propagation is analyzed in terms line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS) based on path-loss modeling, using received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A positive correlation was found between the RSSI and SNR with vegetation obstacles. It was found that the longer the distance with multiple trees in a row, the signal diffracted and RSSI fell to -100 to -110 dBm. Further research is needed to clarify the detailed tree density between transmitter and receiver to propose an optimal propagation model.

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