Control of automatic voltage regulator system using PID controller with optimal transient responses

Balakrishnan, Lievyia Amritha (2024) Control of automatic voltage regulator system using PID controller with optimal transient responses. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

This research focuses on the optimal transient response of Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) in electrical systems. The AVRs are vital components of present-day electrical systems, assuring consistent voltage output, protecting equipment, improving power quality, and optimizing generator performance. Transient response refers to a dynamic system's initial behaviour after a quick change or disruption in its input. The analysis is carried out using an AVR model through MATLAB/Simulink. The behaviour of the AVR system’s transient response without a controller is one of the primary objectives of this research. Then conventional tuning methods and Particle Swarm Optimization PSO tuning method are used on AVR model using MATLAB/Simulink. The conventional tuning methods which are used is in this research is Trial-and-Error method and Ziegler-Nichols. The PSO tuning procedure was done by simulating three iterations, each iteration was simulated ten times. The AVR system without PID, conventional tuning methods, and PSO tuning methods were compared in order to determine which produced the best results in terms of peak time, rising time, settling time, overshoot, and steady-state error. Overall, the study emphasises the need of improving AVR systems for better stability, power quality and generator performance in current electrical applications.

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