Improvement of water quality sensors for hydro quality system monitoring device at Sungai Melaka

Shamsul, Safuraa Aghnia (2024) Improvement of water quality sensors for hydro quality system monitoring device at Sungai Melaka. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The Hydro Quality System (HydroQS) is a new system designed to monitor and evaluate river water quality. It measures pH level, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), turbidity, and ambient temperature. The five sensors used in the system are Arduino-based and can be connected and monitored through an application or online.However, there have been some problems with the HydroQS, such as inaccurate water quality data due to not calibrating the sensors, improper placement of sensors, and poor sensor functionality. These issues can lead to inaccurate water quality data, which can have serious consequences for poor decision-making about water management and public health. Water quality sensors are essential for environmental monitoring and ensuring that water resources meet safety and regulatory standards. In May 2019, the Melaka River experienced pollution, leading to black water and fish deaths. The Department of Environment (DOE) was directed to take water samples and fish carcasses to identify the cause. The results showed neutral pH levels at seven locations along the Melaka River, except for one location directly in front of the Melaka River barrier, which recorded 4.7 mg/l of dissolved oxygen.The HydroQS is a low�cost device that uses five sensors: pH value, temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids. Solar panels will absorb sunlight to generate electricity, which will power the power bank. The device also incorporates IoT technology, allowing data to be delivered to the cloud using WiFi-linked sensors connected to the internet.The National Water Quality Standards (NWQS) classify water quality into five classes, with surface water quality being classified into six water use classes. The criteria help determine the sources of water quality problems, such as improperly treated water. The HydroQS device monitors freshwater quality by checking sensors' function and calibration. Data collected is compared with Department of Environment parameters. The device's pH, turbidity, temperature, DO, and TDS sensors are displayed on the Home Assistant Application. Calibration is performed to ensure accurate readings. After calibration, the experiment continues with field tests to verify the reliability of HydroQS water quality sensors.

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