The development of speed controller of universal motor using microcontroller-based cycloconverter

Fadzil, Nur Aisha Adilina (2023) The development of speed controller of universal motor using microcontroller-based cycloconverter. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

A universal motor is widely used for home appliances and portable tools due to its compact size. Nonetheless, it is necessary to vary the speed of the motor for the usage of specific applications. The supply frequency and number of poles have the biggest impact on a motor's speed. However, the frequency can be easily altered without affecting the motor's whole structure, while the number of poles cannot. This project will analyze how single-phase universal motors can have their speed changed using cycloconverters. Cycloconverters will be used to adjust the supply frequency to alter the motor's speed. The speed of the motor was adjusted in three increments at F, F/2, and F/3 with the assistance of a selector switch attached to the microcontroller and the program that is written on it. The microcontroller triggers the thyristors in a twin bridge configuration to provide the alternating signal required to operate the motor by sending the gating pulse. For safety purpose, a low power AC motor is used as a testbed which represent a real universal motor to verify the efficacy of the device. In the experimental results, it is found that the developed device is able to produce the waveform as expected and able to control the speed of AC motor.

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