Development of biodegradable mat from cassava starch and coconut fiber

Asri, Mohd Aidil Iman (2023) Development of biodegradable mat from cassava starch and coconut fiber. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The vast majority of plastic items created in the twentieth century are derived from petroleum fuels. Polyester, nylon, and acrylic are only a few of the materials available. Others include PVC, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene. The usage of petroleum-based plastics has been connected to a number of environmental challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions, persistence in marine and terrestrial environments, pollution, among others. However, bioplastics, a rapidly growing class of polymeric materials that have been promoted as environmentally friendly replacements to standard petroleum-based plastics, are gaining traction. When there is a greater emphasis placed on the creation of new materials with a strong emphasis on environmental sustainability, a new trend in materials development emerges, such as composites, which have become well established for a wide variety of applications. With growing awareness of the importance of renewable bioresources, there is a greater emphasis on the use of readily available materials in the local community and region. The purpose of this research is to develop a biodegradable mat made of cassava starch and coconut fibre that can be composted. The natural fibre is thermoplastically manufactured in order to contribute to the solution of the problems associated with petroleum-derived plastic waste. The resilience of a biodegradable mat composed of cassava starch and coconut fibre will be determined using a straightforward experimental technique. The goal of this research is to create biodegradable thermoplastic cassava starch reinforced with coconut fiber and investigate its morphology, physical properties, and environmental properties. To address the shortcomings of the cassava starch biopolymer, biocomposites were created by incorporating 10,20,30,40, and 50wt percent coconut fiber into a thermoplastic cassava starch matrix. All components were uniformly mixed before being formed using hot compression molding. After that, the functional properties of TPCS/CF biopolymer composites were assessed to determine their suitability as biodegradable materials. The findings of this study have theoretical and practical ramifications, which will be examined at length at the conclusion of this article. It is anticipated that this development would also highlight its limitations. Suggestions and recommendations for further study will also be given to help future scholars have a better grasp of the subject matter.

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