Real-time water quality monitoring using IoT near saltwater area in Sungai Melaka

Ishak, Nurul Nadhirah (2023) Real-time water quality monitoring using IoT near saltwater area in Sungai Melaka. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The increasingly rapid development around the city of Melaka has a great impact on the environment. Among the effects that can be seen is water pollution along the Melaka River. This is a bad example because Melaka is a city that is famous as a tourist destination and holds treasures of historical heritage. The Melaka River once experienced a change in color to black and caused the death of a large number of fish. This situation produces an unpleasant smell for the surrounding residents, especially for the tourists who enjoy the scenery along the Melaka river. In order to overcome the problem of water pollution that has occurred, the Hydro Quality System (HydroQS) will monitor water quality through 5 parameters through sensors namely pH, water temperature, dissolved solids, total dissolved solids and turbidity by using Internet of Things (IoT) in the estuary area. Melaka River. As for the casing component, this component consists of 4 parts which are the main body, the float assembly, the solar panel cover and also the camera casing. In addition, HydroQS also has electronic components consisting of an Arduino Uno as a micro controller, a power bank that works as a portable battery that can be used to recharge electronic devices and a solar panel that generates renewable energy from the sun and converts it into electricity to be used to move electrical load. Every component and part of HydroQS is produced using a 3D printing machine SLS Machine Farsoon SS402P. after completing the sintering process, all components will undergo a fitting session to ensure that the parts that have been printed can be installed perfectly. If there are parts that fail during the installation session, those parts need to be reprinted. Before conducting a field study in the study area, HydroQS will perform a pre-test and calibration to measure floatation, leakage and the ability of all sensors to function properly. HydroQS has used polyurethane foam as a material to increase the buoyancy of the HydroQS buoy. This material also acts to hold the shape of the float despite any impact. The design of the float connector is also modified to ensure that no leakage occurs. The HydroQS main body also uses high-performance seals, rubber ring seal gaskets and conventional protective coatings as measures to overcome leakage problems. It is proven that all these preventive measures help to ensure that the main body is free from entering water after soaking. After passing the pre-test, HydroQS will undergo a field study within 24 hours and at hourly intervals and will be calibrated manually to ensure that each component works and takes into account all problems encountered for improvement. All the data that has been collected can be accessed through a device anywhere through an application that has been developed. Through the collection of data that has been recorded by all sensors and comparison with the standards that have been issued by the Malaysian National Water Quality Standard, the water quality of Melaka River is under class ⅠⅠA .

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