FTIR and porosity analysis of the humidity-exposed PLA-TPU filaments in additive manufacturing

Sindam, Dorestey (2022) FTIR and porosity analysis of the humidity-exposed PLA-TPU filaments in additive manufacturing. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Commonly used 3D printing parts like polymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), have significant material degradation when exposed to humidity and high temperatures for extended periods. Based on that, these findings show that degradation of the filament is one of the main effects of moisture in a filament due to the intermolecular interactions that the water molecules create with the polymer molecules, and the hygroscopic filaments are usually sensitive to absorbing water. The overview of this study began with a discussion of the principles of 3D printing before going into the critical features of polymer and particle-based printing. The purpose is to identify the influence of water (H₂0) on the polymeric chemical chain bonding of the humidity-exposed 3D printed PLA-TPU filaments. The densimeter concepts were then used to determine the porosity of the humidity-exposed 3D printed (PLA-TPU) filaments under various humidity conditions by using the Archimedes Principle. Next, to observe the structural change of humidityexposed 3D printed (PLA-TPU) filaments. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of 3D printing was used to characterize the chemical composition of particles containing micro and nanoscale particles. Additionally, the microstructure of the 3D printed objects was examined using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with a used sputter coating so that the SEM images could be of the desired quality. The study concluded that humidity alters the chemical chain of the polymeric bonding (O-H chemical group). Other than that, TPU is more porous than PLA and has a lower density than PLA. The highest density was spotted on PLA, and the lowest density was TPU, because the various conditions were affecting the density of the filament. Next, TPU structural is more porous and void under the SEM image than PLA structural. This study could be better if the humidity level was controlled by a device like a dry cabinet box with adjustable humidity.

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