Sustainable precision agriculture - automated blending of macro-micro nutrients

Mohamad Norani, Norlina (2021) Sustainable precision agriculture - automated blending of macro-micro nutrients. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Malaysian creation of vegetables, blossoms, and flavours in nurseries has been encountering sped-up development. The more significant part of the nurseries is permitting programmed control of water, composts, and environment frameworks. The immediate conveyance of composts through the dribble water system requests the utilization of solvent manures and siphoning and infusion frameworks to bring the composts straightforwardly into the water system framework. Fertigation permits a precise and uniform use of supplements to the wet region, where the dynamic roots are concentrated. Along these lines, it is feasible to give sufficient supplement amount and fixation to their interest through the developing period of the crop. The supplement inclusion incorporates macronutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca). In traditional manual strategy, mechanical buoy and versatile electrical conductivity meter (EC) are utilized to fill water into the blending repository at the required sum and physically check the supplement arrangement fixation separately. Be that as it may, this will need the rancher to do the supplement arrangement focus check and blending each time the arrangement is to be siphoned to the yields. This paper proposes a method to improve and optimize the efficiency of the system for fertigation. An automated blending of macro-micro nutrients system was designed where the hardware includes in this project a programmable logic controller (PLC), a touch system, pH sensor, soil moisture, actuators, and other mechanical equipment to control and manage the supply of water and nutrients based on the fertilizer requirement at tomato’s development stages. Also, analysis and develop the schematic diagram by Visio software for the automated blending system where it represents the components of a process, device, or other object using abstract, often standardized symbols and lines. Plus, with the presence of the system, it can settle down the eutrophication problem, reduce fertilizer consumption, optimise the fertilizer used, and reduce the overburden of the farmers. The system only consists of electronic pumps for blending and a programmable logic controller (PLC) board. The controller will monitor and detector the EC level and run the blending process when the EC level achieves the required level.

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