CFD aerodynamics study of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) drone

Ooi, Jun Wai (2021) CFD aerodynamics study of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) drone. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The conventional wings of aircraft for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) consists of problems such as vortices occurred around the wingtip and also wake region on the upper surface of the wings where these phenomena will greatly reduce the aerodynamic performance of the wings. The present study aims to propose a wing that minimize the drawbacks and offer a better aerodynamic performance with the addition of winglets and vortex generators. The numerical results of the simulation for the clean wing was compared with the experimental results to validate the technique of simulation and the average deviation is only about 4% for the lift-to-drag ratio which showed a great agreement. The behaviour of the fluid flow around the wing was observed, it can be concluded that adding winglets on the wings able to shift the position of vortices and also reduce the magnitude of vortices. On the other hand, adding vortex generators able to reduce the wake region between the fluid and the upper surface of wings. However, by adding the vortex generators will increase the drag of the wings by 5.5%, despite the drawback of generating minimum additional drag, the redesigned wing still able to contribute 15% additional lift. Finally, the optimization for the lift-to-drag ratio considering various length of vortex generators and angle of rotation for vortex generators was performed. The optimized design of wings was able to produce a maximum lift-to-drag ratio of 6.889 at optimal settings of vortex generators length and angle of rotation for vortex generators

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