A New Lightning Flashes Characterization Technique For Lightning Detection System Using Internet-Scale Pattern Recognition Technique

Baharudin, Zikri Abadi and Ab Ghani, Mohd Ruddin and Mat Hanafiah, Mohd Ariff and Zainon, Maslan and Abdul Rahman, Ahmad Idil and Din, Asri (2014) A New Lightning Flashes Characterization Technique For Lightning Detection System Using Internet-Scale Pattern Recognition Technique. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Typically, Lightning detection system (LDS) is the combination of magnetic direction finding (MDF) and time of arrival (TOA). The current accuracy of LDS was improved for locating the activity of lightning within tens to thousands km distance. However, the observation of Rakov in USA and Baharudin and co-workers in Malaysia reported that their data was not identical compare to meteorological data (combination of TOA and MDF). Their studies revealed that there were ambiguities of current LOS where no attempt is made to distinguish between cloud and ground flashes. From our FRGS project with the title: A new lightning flashes characterization technique for lightning detection system using internet-scale pattern recognition technique (FRGS/2/2014/TK03/FTK/03/F00248), has proven with the new technique of characterization can identifies several unknown mechanism of the lightning flashes process. This new technique applied the measurements based on the correlated electric field recording generated by the whole flash with high levels of temporal resolution and the enhancement of lightning flashes mechanism algorithm. Based on our technique we found that significantly the relationship between the amplitudes of a Preliminary Breakdown Pulse (PBP) train and the corresponding first Return Stroke [RS], revealed the strength of the ground-flash-initiation breakdown process in the cloud, measured against on a comparison with the peak radiation field of the resulting RS in northern region is larger compared to tropical region. Furthermore, the single-station measurement presented in project clarifies the slow field changes generated by preliminary breakdown pulse (PBP) and verifies the ability in determining the starting time of the slow field changes (pre-starting time) and further allow one to differentiate between intra-cloud (IC's) activities and the preceding processes of ground flashes. Interestingly, we are able to categories the type of Positive Charge Region (PCR) in correlation with number of stroke flash and duration of pre-return stroke. In addition, based on the characterization technique as mentioned above had allowed one to develop an algorithm and the model for identify submicrosecond structure of the return stroke in the flash (has been proven and published with the title of "Sub Microsecond Analysis of Negative Cloud-To-Ground Lightning Flashes", published: 2018/8/1, Journal Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11 (2) 711-717, under RAGS/1/2015/TKO/UTEM/02/5). This model has know being test and is used for our PRGS (PRGS/1 /2016/TK04/UTEM/03/00014) application.

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