Design And Development Of Electromagnetic Micro-Generator For Harvesting Energy From Vibration

Lim, Soon Yin (2016) Design And Development Of Electromagnetic Micro-Generator For Harvesting Energy From Vibration. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

Text Design And Development Of Electromagnetic Micro-Generator For Harvesting Energy From Vibration 24 Pages.pdf - Submitted Version Download (483kB)

Abstract

Millions of sensors are scattered throughout workplace as a result of the invention of wireless sensor network which has becoming popular in research and development as well as in industrial applications. Up till now, many sensor networks are powered up with wired power source. Even wireless transmission had become a solution to this issue, yet the devices in those networks still need power. Electromagnetic micro-generator is an energy harvesting system that provides alternative way of powering up small electronic devices other than using batteries. It converts vibration energy into electrical energy. This project discussed on the design and development of an electromagnetic micro-generator for energy harvesting purposes from vibration. Throughout this project, both the mechanical and electronic parts are discussed. For the mechanical part, an electromagnetic generator which consists of generator base, magnetic coil and cantilever structure is build. The resonance frequency behavior of the cantilever structure towards the length and tip mass are studied in order to design a generator that operates at a frequency range 40-50 Hz with vibration level of 0.2 g. A generator with a volume of approximately 13.6 cm3 is finally built along with a copper cantilever of length 4.5 cm. At resonance, this generator is able to produce an ac output voltage of 416 mVrms at 0.2 g acceleration. Meanwhile, electronic devices are needed to be powered up by a dc source and the output voltage of electromagnetic generator is too low be used for powering up a devices. Therefore, a low voltage power management circuit which consists of a full-wave voltage doubler and three stages charge pump is designed. In order to rectify the low ac voltage, a Shockley diode NSR0320MW2T with a forward voltage drop as low as 0.24 V with forward current of 10 mA is used in the circuit designed. The circuit designed is able to rectify an ac input of as low as 354 mVrms. With an input of 416 mVrms, the circuit is able to rectify and store charge up to 3.33 V. The input voltage is increased by approximately five times. Last but not least, the integration of the generator and power management circuit designed is able to power up a RF transmitter with a minimum power of 5.16 mW.

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