Synthesis Of Hydroxyapatite Powder From Eggshell Waste For Bioceramic Purpose

Noor Idayu, Ahmad (2011) Synthesis Of Hydroxyapatite Powder From Eggshell Waste For Bioceramic Purpose. Project Report. UTeM, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA) Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 was successfully produced by using eggshell waste. It is an important biomaterial and is the principal inorganic constituent of bones and teeth. It is also used as the replacement of heart valves, hip joints and other implants in the human body. In this work, eggshell waste is used as the source of CaO in order to produce hydroxyapatite powder. Eggshell waste represents a rich source of calcium is available in huge quantity from food industry. The process involved cleaning, drying and thermal decomposition of eggshell which contain calcium carbonate into calcium oxide. It followed by hydrothermal reaction at low temperature. The synthesized powder was characterized by using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Particle Size Analyzer. In general, sintering process was indispensable to shape the ceramics. However, it is impossible to control the crystal face of materials surface. Using hydrothermal reactions for HA preparation, it is possible to control the crystal face and the chemical composition. This material will be suitable as scaffold for cultured bone and carrier for drug delivery system. In this researched, the TCP was obtained when calcined at high temperature with increase cristalinity. The FTIR spectra also shows the peaks of phosphate bands were observe in the synthesized HA at 1200 up to 900 cm-1. This evolution also indicates good crystallinity for the materials heated at higher temperatures. Microstructure Observation of TCP derived from Eggshell Waste by Using FESEM, fine particles with spherical and semi-spherical shapes were observed. The particle size of powder was decreases when temperatures increases compared with XRD sherrer equation.

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