Comprehensive characterization and analysis of eco-friendly ingredients in tissue-equivalent phantom development for biomedical microwave application

Azmi, Azimah (2024) Comprehensive characterization and analysis of eco-friendly ingredients in tissue-equivalent phantom development for biomedical microwave application. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

The use of animals in research has been a topic of debate due to ethical concerns and the potential harm caused to animals. To address this issue, researchers have been exploring using tissue-equivalent phantoms as an alternative to animal testing. These phantoms are designed to mimic human tissues' physical and chemical properties, making them ideal for testing the safety and efficacy of medical devices and new drugs. This research uses boiling and direct heating methods to characterize and analyze eco-friendly ingredients in tissue equivalent phantom development for biomedical microwave applications. Phantom development methods comprise skin, fat and muscle as semi-solid, flexible, and malleable in the 1GHz to 20GHz frequency range. The dielectric properties of the formed tissue phantom were measured using the performance probe in the Agilent Technologies 85070E dielectric probe kit, and the results were recorded by Agilent Technologies N5242A Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). From the result obtained, each tissue phantom created showed the trend where it could mimic the dielectric properties in relative permittivity and loss tangent compared to the human tissues. This research has offered one of the opportunities in education and medicine since it will benefit the biomedical engineering field and have a long-term impact on the environment and society.

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