Optimal placement and sizing of electric vehicle charging station in power distribution system

Mohd Zin, Ahmad Najmi (2024) Optimal placement and sizing of electric vehicle charging station in power distribution system. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Increased demand for electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) in power distribution systems has resulted from the growing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs). By integrating optimal EVCS placement and sizing, numerous benefits can be obtained such as a reduction in power losses and minimize average voltage deviation of the system. If the EVCS in the power distribution system is placed and sized optimally, these benefits can be achieved and enhanced. Inappropriate placement and sizing of EVCS would result in negative impacts including increased power losses of the system. Therefore, the aim of this project was to identifying the best locations for EVCS installation and determine the appropriate sizes in order to achieve the minimum system losses and average voltage deviation. This objectives ensures the efficient utilization of power distribution infrastructure while providing reliable and sustainable charging services for EVs. In this project, the cost of charging different types of EVs in Malaysia is evaluated in order to determine the most optimum charging power for EV chargers and a method for determining the optimal placement and sizing of EVCS in the power distribution system is presented. A multi-objective function is developed in order to reduce total real power losses and average voltage deviation. In order to find the optimal compromise solution, a Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) based heuristic algorithm is proposed as an optimization technique. The objective functions have been solved by integrating the load flows algorithm from MATPOWER into the MATLAB environment. The performance of the optimal EVCS placement and sizing in the power distribution system by using GSA and PSO technique will be evaluated in two test system which are IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus radial distribution systems. Then, the outcome of this project shows that the power losses and average voltage deviation can be reduced and minimized and the performance between GSA and PSO were compared. The overall results show that GSA performs up to 3.72% than PSO in obtaining the best fitness value for optimal placement and sizing of EVCS in power distribution system.

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