Development of ground target detection software system for area monitoring using an FMCW radar

Rohaizi, Muhammad Hafizuddin (2022) Development of ground target detection software system for area monitoring using an FMCW radar. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

An area monitoring or surveillance system is crucial to ensure the area's privacy is not intruded. Various methods can be explored for monitoring, including the utilisation of radar. Radar is favoured due to its robustness against the weather. Thus, this project aims to design and develop a detection system to detect a ground target and its distance from the monitoring system by utilising a Frequency Modulated Continuous Waveform (FMCW). Radar is capable of detecting motion, measuring speed, distance, angle of arrival, and direction of movement. Motion sensors for anti-burglary security systems, whether indoor or outdoors, are low-cost components that take use of the Doppler effect. In this application, radar is gradually replacing the Passive Infrared Sensors, which gained popularity in the past due to their cheap cost. Reason of doing ground target detection is because radar it has ability to cover wide regions on the surface for genuine two-dimensional monitoring day and night in practically any weather, with minimal influence from air dust and/or haze. Firstly, the range estimation will be simulated by using MATLAB to prepare for the range estimation algorithm. Next, the project will utilised a Distance2Go module for transmitting FMCW signal and acquired the echoes. Received signal will be post-processed using MATLAB to obtain the target information using Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT) and Peak Detection algorithms. Upon the peak detection, beat frequency is obtained and target range is estimated. As a result, the system can locate the target and its range from the observing point. Furthermore, performance will be analysed in terms of accuracy of the radar detection of target range compared to actual condition. The signal frequency spectrum and time domain signal were also observed. Lastly, the finding may contribute to the knowledge of ground-target detection and can make deeper understanding about FMCW radar concept for this project.

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