Development of IoT-based tipping bucket rain gauge using Arduino for rain type discrimination

Tan, Chin Kwang (2021) Development of IoT-based tipping bucket rain gauge using Arduino for rain type discrimination. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

A rain gauge is a common instrument used to measure the amount of liquid that has been collected within a period of time by meteorologists or hydrologists. There are many different types of rain gauges and the most common measuring instrument is tipping bucket. Tipping bucket rain gauge (TBRG) is a rain measuring instrument which functions automatically and can detect the type of rain (light, medium, heavy and violent). Modern tipping bucket rain gauge involves the electronic circuit to record or transmit to a remote collection station. Therefore, Internet of Thing (IoT) can be applied in TBRG and subsequently result in a more systematic and automatic way. A new IoT device with connecting Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge is designed and integrated with Lora antenna to achieve the transmitter area over 10 km. Besides that, the Arduino system will connect to the server and user can obtain the data easily by using a phone. For the tipping bucket rain gauge development, a different material in the form of 3D printed materialis used to reduce the overall development cost. The output will be shown in the LCD display and the phone app. The graphical representation of the data is shown in the app, and can be exported to Excel to carry out the calibration error for the rainfall measurement and is useful for further processing.

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