Performance characteristic of water reaction turbine for pico hydro generation system

Jamil, Siti Nur Hasimah (2020) Performance characteristic of water reaction turbine for pico hydro generation system. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Pico hydro is a renewable source of energy. Pico hydro can be placed in small streams to generate electricity of five kilowatts (5kw). Hydropower has two turbine types which are reaction turbine and impulse turbine. The objectives of this study were to identify the optimum diameter turbine of Z-blade and to analyze the performance of Z-blade water reaction turbine by using Matlab® software. In this study, Z-blade turbine which is reaction type turbine is ideal for the low water head and low water sources in Pico hydro system. This turbine was developed ideally by using the principal equations of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. Parameters such as water head, diameter turbine, size of PVC pipe and nozzle exit diameter were analysed by using this theoretical equation. The relationship between rotational speed, water flow rate, power output and diameter turbine were generated by Matlab® software and discussed based on experimental data taken from Sg Sagil, Tangkak. The Z-blade water reaction turbine able to achieve high value of rotational speed (up to 91 rpm), power output (up to 513kW) and water flow rate of 9.89 L/sec at optimum diameter turbine (0.7m) and low water head condition (5m).

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